How Much Does Blood Cancer Treatment Cost?

“The estimated cost of blood cancer treatment in India starts from $300 for Chemotherapy, $5000 for Targeted therapy and $18000 for Bone Marrow Transplant. This is multifold less than what it costs in any other developed country, including the UK, US, Canada, Singapore and UAE.

Blood Cancer
  • Blood cancer develops when blood cells expand uncontrollably, impairing their ability to function normally.
  • These blood-forming tissues, that impair the body’s capability to fight infection, and real blood cells that exhibit aberrant malignant growth are referred to as having blood cancer.
  • Once identified, several illnesses have a negative impact on a person’s general health.
  • The body’s capacity to combat germs and prevent infections is diminished.
  • It has an impact on how blood cells work and are produced, and the majority of these cancers start in the bone marrow, where stem cells are found.
  • The main elements of blood plasma are red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.
  • Red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, and white blood cells (WBCs) are three separate cell types that can be produced by the bone marrow stem cells. The lymphoid system, blood cells, and bone marrow are all affected by blood cancer, which can also result in bone marrow cancer.
  • Consequently, In the case of blood cancer, the production of healthy blood cells is hampered, which leads to the unchecked expansion of aberrant blood cells.
  • The circulation of these aberrant blood cells degrades the quality and functionality of the blood. As a result, over time, some of the vital capabilities of normal blood cells—like the ability to stop bleeding and infection are lost.

Blood Cancer Risk Factor

Although the exact origins of blood cancer are yet unknown, there are some risk factors that are connected to the disease. Blood cancer may have hereditary roots.

  • Smoking
  • Chemical Exposures
  • Chemotherapy Drugs
  • Radiation Exposure

Certain Blood Disorders-

  • Chronic myeloproliferative (a condition that causes the blood cells to grow rapidly and abnormally)
  • Polycythaemia Vera (the body starts generating too many red blood cells)
  • Thrombocythemia (the body produces too many blood platelets)
  • Idiopathic myelofibrosis (bone marrow disorder, where the bone marrow starts disrupting the production of blood cells and replacing them with fibre scar-like substances).

Genetic factors: Some conditions that cause blood cancer which are genetic, include:

  • Fanconi anaemia (a genetic defect)
  • Bloom syndrome (a genetic disorder)
  • Ataxia-telangiectasia (a genetically inherited disease causing several disabilities)
  • Diamond-Black fan anaemia (inherited pure red cell aplasia)
  • Schwarzman-Diamond syndrome (congenital disorder)
  • Li-Fraumeni syndrome (cancer predisposition hereditary disorder)
  • Neurofibromatosis type 1 (tumour disorder caused by mutation)
  • Severe congenital neutropenia (also called Kostmann syndrome)

Some complications are present at birth-

  • Born with an extra copy of chromosome 21
  • Born with an extra copy of chromosome 8

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Types of Blood Cancer

  • Hematologic cancer is another name for blood cancer. It begins in the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are made.
  • There are various forms of blood cancer- Leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma are only a few examples of the several forms of blood cancer.
  • All varieties have unique symptoms, prognoses, and treatments.

Blood Cancer Treatment

According to the patient’s needs, doctors select the most efficient course of treatment. The option for treating blood cancer depends on a number of variables:

  • Blood cancer type
  • Stage of the blood cancer
  • Age and gender of the general health patient
  • Level of symptom severity

Treatment options-

Among the standard therapies for all blood cancer types are:

Chemotherapy As Treatment

  • Prior to a stem cell transplant, chemotherapy is also necessary to suppress the immune system and prevent it from attacking the new donor cells. In this situation, chemotherapy is referred to as conditional therapy.
  • This is one of the most widespread types of blood cancer treatment that employs particular medications to eradicate cancerous cells.
  • Chemotherapy aids in either halting the spread of cancer or putting it into remission.
  • Chemotherapy is a unique form of treatment used to combat cancer cells’ accelerated growth and division compared to healthy cells.
  • The majority of the time, a patient is treated with two or more medications in combination because they work better together to kill cancer cells.
  • Both alone and in conjunction with radiation therapy, chemotherapy is a viable treatment option.

Radiation treatment As Treatment

  • High-energy X-ray particles are used in this type of blood cancer treatment to eradicate malignant cells.
  • It is a type of targeted therapy that uses an X-ray beam to target cancer cells that are present in a particular region of the body.
  • The linear accelerator is a device used in radiation therapy.
  • As a low amount of radiation inhibits the immune system, there is no rejection of the donor cells during this procedure, which is used to treat some types of lymphoma and leukaemia as well as to get patients ready for stem cell transplants.

Stem Cell Replacement Therapy As Treatment

  • This sort of blood cancer treatment involves injecting the patient’s body with healthy blood-forming stem cells.
  • The infused blood cells may be from the patient’s or the donor’s healthy bone marrow, blood in circulation, or umbilical cord blood. Prior to stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy or radiation therapy is frequently used to suppress the immune system and prevent the body from rejecting the donor cells.
  • Surgery may occasionally be performed to remove a particular organ or tissue. For instance, to stop the formation of aberrant blood cells, doctors would be asked to remove the patient’s spleen.

There are two main forms of stem cell or bone marrow transplants:

Autologous bone marrow transplant:

  • This procedure includes removing the patient’s own stem cells before undergoing high-dose chemotherapy.
  • After chemotherapy, these healthy stem cells are kept and subsequently put back into the patient’s circulation.
  • With this approach, the doctor is able to effectively eradicate or destroy blood cancer cells while preventing (or storing) the healthy stem cells that will be used to rehabilitate the immune system in the future.

Allogeneic bone marrow transplant:

  • This type of BMT gives patients stem cells that have been separated from a donor who is related or unrelated but who has a close genetic match.
  • Testing the donor for compatibility is crucial to reduce the risk of transplant rejection.
  • Another type of allogeneic transplant is the transplantation of stem cells utilising umbilical cord blood.
  • In this, stem cell-rich cord blood is utilised for transplantation.
  • When a mother offers to preserve the umbilical cord after childbirth, the cord is kept in a stem cell bank.

Transplantation-Process:

  • In the course of a bone marrow transplantation procedure, the patient’s or donor’s bone marrow is aspirated or surgically removed in order to obtain the patient’s or donor’s bone marrow’s stem cells.
  • While the donor is under general anaesthetic, a needle is inserted through the hip bones during the procedure.
  • Due to the ease of peripheral blood collection, it is currently mostly used.
  • The leftover blood is returned to the patient’s body after stem cells and other blood cells are separated by a machine.

CAR-T cells As Treatment

A novel form of immunotherapy called chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell treatment uses the patient’s own genetically altered T cells to target and destroy cancer cells. In this therapy, immune cells called T cells from the patient are gathered and their genetic makeup is changed in a lab so they can recognise and destroy cancer cell receptors.

A patient must go through a thorough evaluation in order to find out if they qualify for this therapy because it is a very specialised form of care.

There are now two CAR T-cell therapies that have been given the FDA’s approval to treat certain leukaemia sufferers.

The FDA has approved this CAR T-cell treatment for individuals with

KYMRIAH:

  • Adults with refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in young adults under the age of 25 that has relapsed or become resistant.

YESCARTA:

  • This was the first CAR T-cell treatment for adult patients with specific B-cell lymphoma types to receive FDA approval.

Additionally, the FDA has authorised the use of this medication for patients with the illnesses listed below who either did not respond to or experienced a relapse after receiving the recommended course of treatment for these cancers:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
  • Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma
  • High-grade B-cell lymphoma
  • DLBCL that results from follicular lymphoma

Patients who are approved for CAR T-cell therapy will undergo the following step of the process:

Cell collection:

  • White blood cells, including T cells, are removed from the patient’s body via a procedure called leukapheresis.

Genetic engineering:

  • The gathered cells are sent to the manufacturing facility, where the T-cells are genetically modified utilising biotechnology techniques to express a particular protein known as chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on their surface. This aids in locating the desired cancer cells.

Multiplication of modified cells:

  • Genetically engineered T cells are allowed to multiply in the lab in order to boost their population.
  • When enough cells have multiplied, they are frozen and delivered to the cancer centre. About two to three weeks are needed to complete this process.

Conditioning Chemotherapy:

  • Conditioning Patients will receive chemotherapy in the days leading up to the infusion as well as throughout the interim.
  • This treatment is administered to enhance the CAR T-cells’ capacity to develop and proliferate within the body.

CAR T-cell infusion and In-patient hospitalization:

  • Patients receive CAR T cells as an infusion that is administered all at once into their circulation, much like a blood transfusion.
  • After the infusion, patients must remain in the hospital for one to two weeks so that medical staff can watch out for any potential adverse effects.

Recovery:

  • Depending on the patient’s health previous to treatment and how well the therapy worked, the recovery time following CAR T-cell therapy can range from 2 to 3 months.
  • Patients must closely evaluate their own side effects and treatment response during this time because they may be severe.

How can Lyfboat assist you getting Blood Cancer Treatment?

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Lyfboat is a free advisory platform; we do not charge any fees from patients. In fact, we negotiate the price that Indian hospitals offer. In some cases we are able to reduce the cost by negotiating upto 20% of what Hospitals generally offer. We advise the best treatment from the top hospital/surgeon at best price.

Factors That Impact the Treatment of Blood Cancer

The likelihood that blood cancer will be cured is increased by prompt diagnosis, particularly early diagnosis. The patient is then advised to obtain the necessary treatment, followed by appropriate care once the treatment is over.

Additional elements that affect blood cancer treatment include:

  • Age of the patient
  • Physical condition
  • Presence of other comorbidities
  • Stage of the disease
  • Subtype of cancer
  • Molecular factors
  • Whether low-grade/high-grade cancer
  • Acute or chronic
  • The disease’s new onset or whether it has returned after a previous cure; the body parts or organs that are afflicted.

Recovery after Blood Cancer Treatment

  • Recovery and follow-up are crucial components of every therapy regimen, and treating blood cancer is no exception.
  • Patients who undergo chemotherapy and radiation therapy may have both physical and psychological side effects.
  • This emphasises, even more, the necessity of having a strict follow-up strategy so that healing can happen on schedule.
  • Before a patient can resume their regular schedule, it may take several months.
  • However, with other patients, recuperation happens quickly, and they are typically back to their normal routines in a few weeks.
  • The follow-up appointments could extend for a few months, and the doctors might.

Blood Cancer Survival Chances

  • One must be aware that there is no guarantee that cancer will be cured or recovered from. Even in advanced blood cancer situations, patients have made a full recovery.
  • On the other side, there are examples where the patient didn’t survive even while the blood cancer was in its early stages.
  • Therefore, it’s crucial to have reasonable expectations and concentrate on maintaining a healthy lifestyle while using the recommended treatments and procedures. The ability to diagnose and treat illnesses quickly is crucial to curing them.

The survival rate may vary, however, overall, it may be:

Men- 53.7%
Women- 49.6%
Adults- 51.8%

Unfortunately, a substantial number of people are affected by blood cancer. Through routine examinations, risk factors can be identified and diagnosed.

These routine physical examinations can provide detailed information about your general health and aid in the early detection of many blood cancers and other dangerous disorders.

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