Muscular Dystrophy Treatment Cost in India

The cost of Regenerative Medicine package for Muscular Dystrophy cases is USD 8,000.

Muscular dystrophy is a category of disorders that leads to gradual muscle loss and weakening. In muscular dystrophy, faulty genes (mutations) prevent the body from making the necessary proteins for building healthy muscle.

The absence of a protein called dystrophin, which is essential for normal muscular function, is the cause of this harm and weakening. Among other symptoms, a lack of this protein can lead to issues with walking, swallowing, and muscular coordination. It is a series of hereditary illnesses that induces gradual muscle loss and weakening.

Different types of muscular dystrophy exist. The most prevalent type’s symptoms start in childhood, particularly in boys. Other varieties don’t show up till later in life.

As the muscles progressively deteriorate due to Muscular Dystrophy, the degree of impairment rises.

Since Muscular Dystrophy is a progressive disorder, it deteriorates with time. Before impacting the muscles more broadly, it frequently starts by affecting a specific set of muscles.

Some forms of Muscular Dystrophy eventually impair the heart or the respiratory muscles, which makes the illness potentially fatal.

People of all sexes are affected by muscular dystrophy. Duchenne and Becker, the two most prevalent kinds, are substantially more prevalent in males.

The outlook for muscular dystrophy depends on the type of muscular dystrophy and the severity of the symptoms.

Although there is no known therapy for Muscular Dystrophy, many of its symptoms can be managed with it. Treatments and medicines can help control symptoms and halt the progression of the illness.

New drugs may help some people with a specific gene difference who live with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The major objective of treatment is to halt the disease’s course in order to prolong patients’ lives and improve their quality of life.

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Types Of Muscular Dystrophy

There are several varieties of Muscular Dystrophy, and each has relatively unique symptoms. Many do not have an impact on life expectancy, and not all kinds result in severe impairment.

Duchenne-Type Muscular Dystrophy

This one is the most typical kind. Girls can have the gene and have modest symptoms, but boys are considerably more likely to have it.

Early childhood is often when signs and symptoms first arise. The symptoms include:

Trouble Walking
Loss Of Reflexes
Difficulty Standing Up
Poor Posture
Bone Thinning
Scoliosis, Is An Abnormal Curvature Of The Spine
Learning Differences
Breathing Difficulties
Swallowing Problems
Lung And Heart Weakness

People with DMD typically start using a wheelchair before their teenage years.
People with DMD used to live into their late teens or early 20s. But people are now more likely to live into their 30s. This is partly a result of improvements in medical care, such as respiratory and cardiac therapy.

Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD)

Similar to DMD, Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is less severe. Additionally, this particular kind of muscular dystrophy affects boys more frequently than girls.

Between the ages of 11 and 25, signs of muscle weakness most commonly affect the arms and legs. Other symptoms of BMD include:

Walking On The Toes
Frequent Falls
Muscle Cramps
Trouble Getting Up From The Floor

A tiny fraction of people with this illness never need a wheelchair, and many won’t decide to use one until they’re in their mid-30s or older. Most BMD patients live into their middle years or beyond.

Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

Between birth and two years of age, congenital muscular dystrophies are frequently detectable. Parents start to realize that their child’s motor skills and muscular control aren’t maturing as they should at this point.

Symptoms vary and may include:

Muscle Weakness
Poor Motor Control
Inability To sit or stand without Support
Scoliosis
Foot Deformities
Trouble Swallowing
Respiratory Issues
Vision Problems
Speech Problems
Learning Differences

Mild to severe symptoms might be present. Depending on their symptoms, people with this kind of muscular dystrophy have different life expectancies. Congenital muscular dystrophy causes some people to die in infancy while others live into maturity.

Myotonic Dystrophy

Myotonia, which is an inability to relax your muscles after they contract, is brought on by this type of muscular dystrophy. Steinert’s illness and dystrophia myotonica are other names for myotonic dystrophy.

Myotonia is a sign of various muscle illnesses but is absent in those with other kinds of muscular dystrophy.

Myotonic dystrophy can affect the patients’:

Facial Muscles
Central Nervous System (Cns)
Adrenal Glands
Heart
Thyroid
Eyes
Gastrointestinal Tract

Symptoms Most Often Appear First In The Face And Neck. They include:

Drooping Muscles In The Face, Producing A Thin, Drawn Look
Difficulty Lifting The Neck Due To Weak Neck Muscles
Difficulty Swallowing
Droopy Eyelids, Ptosis
Early Baldness in The Front Area Of The Scalp
Poor Vision, Including cataracts
Weight Loss
Increased Sweating

Additionally, this form of dystrophy may result in testicular atrophy and impotence. Others may experience infertility and irregular periods as a result.

Adults in their 20s are most likely to be diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy.

There is a variance in how serious the condition is and the severity of symptoms can vary significantly. While some people only have minor symptoms, others may have heart- and lung-related problems that might be fatal. The condition is common among elderly adults.

Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD)

The muscles in the face, shoulders, and upper arms are affected by FSHD or facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Another name for this particular kind of muscular dystrophy is Landouzy-Dejerine disease.

FSHD may cause:

Trouble swallowing or chewing
Distorted shoulders
Crooked appearance of the mouth
Shoulder blades that look like wings

A lesser percentage of FSHD sufferers could experience respiratory and hearing issues.

FSHD often advances slowly.

Symptoms often start to show up in adolescence, but they might occasionally wait until a person is in their 40s. The majority of those who have this illness live complete lives.

Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD)

The term “limb-girdle muscular dystrophy” (LGMD) describes a collection of over 20 hereditary diseases.
They result in muscular deterioration and loss of mass.
Although the legs and neck might also be affected, the shoulders and hips are typically where the symptoms start.
If one has LGMD, it could be difficult for the patient to access stairs, get out of a chair, or move heavy objects. Additionally, individuals could trip more frequently.

Many people with this form of muscular dystrophy experience severe disability within 20 years of the onset of the condition.

Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy (OPMD)

The face, neck, and shoulder muscles become weak as a result of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). Additional signs include:

Drooping Eyelids
Vision Problems
Trouble Swallowing
Voice Changes
Heart Problems
Difficulty Walking

OPMD is one of the rarer types of muscular dystrophy, Individuals usually begin to experience symptoms in their 40s or 50s.

Distal Muscular Dystrophy

Distal muscular dystrophy is also called distal myopathy. It is a collection of more than six conditions that target the muscles furthest from the shoulders and hips, particularly the:

forearms
hands
calves
feet

The heart muscles and breathing system may both be impacted by the illness. Loss of fine motor skills and trouble walking are two signs that tend to appear gradually.

Distal muscular dystrophy symptoms typically appear in patients between the ages of 40 and 60.

Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD)

Emery-Dreyfuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) often manifests in childhood and tends to afflict more boys than girls among children with male birth genders. The signs consist of:

Upper Arm And Lower Leg Muscular Weakness
Breathing Difficulties
Heart Issues
The Muscles Of The Spine, Neck, Ankles, Knees, And Elbows Are Compressed.

The majority of people with EDMD survive into mid-adulthood.
Nearly everyone has a cardiac condition by the time they are 30 years old, which calls for treatment like a pacemaker.
Progressive heart or lung conditions are the most frequent causes of short lifespans.

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Muscular Dystrophy Causes

Making proteins that safeguard muscle fibers involves the production of certain genes. A faulty copy of one of these genes results in muscular dystrophy.

The muscle fibers undergo mutations as a result of the mutations, which obstruct the muscles’ capacity to work. This results in growing disability over time.

Depending on the specific type of Muscular Dystrophy, the condition can be a:

recessive inherited disorder
dominantly inherited disorder
sex-linked (X-linked) disorder

Risk Factors for Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy affects people of all ages, ethnicities, and genders.
But the most prevalent kind, Duchenne, typically affects young males.
People who have a history of muscular dystrophy in their families are more likely to get the illness or pass it on to their offspring.

Cost of Muscular Dystrophy Therapy in India

The cost of Regenerative Medicine package for Muscular Dystrophy cases is USD 8,000. The cost of Muscular Dystrophy therapy in India is influenced by a number of factors. Among them are:

The disease’s kind and severity
Medications
Duration of the necessary treatment
If surgery is required
The category of hospital patient admission
The city where therapy is provided

Muscular Dystrophy Diagnosis

A number of tests can help your doctor diagnose muscular dystrophy. Your doctor can perform:

Blood Testing
Genetic Testing
Electromyography (Emg)
Neurological Physical Exam
Cardiac Testing
Imaging Tests
Exercise Assessments
Muscle Biopsy
Lung-Monitoring Tests

Muscular Dystrophy Treatment

People with muscular dystrophy should be watched over throughout their lives.

Although there isn’t a cure for muscular dystrophy yet, medicines can help you manage your symptoms and halt the disease’s development. The type of muscular dystrophy the individual has and your symptoms will determine your treatment options.

Additionally, some persons might require the services of an orthopedic surgeon, an endocrinologist, a sleep expert, a pulmonologist, a cardiac specialist, a pulmonologist, and other specialists.
Treatment options include medications, physical and occupational therapy, and surgical and other procedures.

The doctor may recommend:

Medication– However, continued use of these medications can lead to weight gain and weakening bones, which raises the risk of fracture.
Therapy– People with muscular dystrophy can benefit from a variety of therapies and assistive technologies that can enhance their quality of life and occasionally even lengthen it. Example:
Range-of-motion exercises can help to keep joints as flexible as possible.
Low-impact aerobic exercises, such as walking and swimming, can help maintain strength, mobility, and general health.
Braces can help keep muscles and tendons stretched and flexible, slowing the progression of contractures.
Mobility aids such as canes, walkers and wheelchairs can help maintain mobility and independence.
As respiratory muscles weaken, a sleep apnoea device might help improve oxygen delivery during the night.

Muscle Therapy

Muscle treatment has a track record of success. These methods entail working with a specialist to enhance physical performance. Therapy forms include:

Physical treatment to keep muscles supple and strong includes exercise and stretching.

Physiotherapy is focused on the condition and symptoms.

Respiratory treatment can be used to avoid or postpone breathing issues.

Speech therapy, which uses particular methods including slower talking, stopping between breaths, and employing special equipment, to preserve muscular strength

Occupational therapy, a process that focuses on daily activities, can help those with muscular dystrophy:

become more independent
gain access to community services
improve coping skills
improve social skills

Surgery

Contractures or a spinal curvature that may later make breathing more challenging may require surgery to be corrected. With the help of a pacemaker or other cardiac device, heart function may be enhanced.

Other Treatments

Patients and their families may experience emotional, physical, and financial exhaustion as a result of muscular dystrophy.

After years of research and investigation, cell therapy for muscular dystrophy has emerged as an effective therapeutic option in India. This is a huge step forward for treating muscular dystrophy not just in India but throughout the entire world!

Research in India on cell therapy for muscular dystrophy has demonstrated that bone marrow cells have the ability to restore and mend injured muscle cells.

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