Treatment Details

Kidney Transplant Details

Kidney is one of the most crucial organs in our body. The kidney helps in eliminating the highly toxic metabolic waste products like urea from our body in the form urine. The kidney also plays an important role in filtering drugs from the body fluids. The kidney also has a key role in regulating blood pressure of an individual. The kidney might fail to function properly for various number of reasons and there are several diseases and microbes which might also affect the efficiency of the kidney to work. A kidney transplant is suggested for the patients who have a diseased kidney. In this procedure the diseased organ is removed from body and a healthy organ is transplanted in its place.

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Before Kidney Transplant

Before a kidney transplant surgery is prescribed, your doctor needs to assess a lot of factors. Every candidate is not the right candidate for a transplant. Organ transplant is a major procedure and involves lot of complicated procedures. Before the surgery a doctor needs to examine the amount of damage that has already happened to the kidney. The kidney has a remarkable ability to sustain your life even with slightly reduced functionality. Minor changes to daily life style and eating habits can avoid the hassle of a kidney transplant. After your doctor decides to carry out the procedure on you, they will take your blood samples, tissue samples to match them with the compatible donor. This might take days or even months to find the correct donor, this is essential because your body might reject a foreign organ after the surgery. You need to take all the prescribed medicines to prepare yourself for the surgery.

How it is performed

After finding a successful donor your doctors will fix an appointment for your surgery. The surgery involves making an incision in lower side of the abdomen. The incision should be large enough to gain access to the organ. The kidney is richly supplied with blood vessels. It has a network of renal veins, artery and capillaries which helps in the filtration of blood. Surgeons need to carefully detach the ligaments and other supportive tissue which keep the organ in its place. The surgeons then temporarily blocks the supply from each of the important blood vessel and duct. After this has been done, the diseased organ is removed and is replaced by the new one. The surgeons now attach each of the blood vessels with its counterpart and secure the organ in its place. After the blood supply has been resumed, they check the organ for any damage or leakage. The incision is closed with the help of sutures and dressing is applied.

Recovery

Our body has a remarkable ability to differentiate between self and non self. A foreign organ is always under a threat that the immune system of the recipient’s body can reject it at any point. To avoid this problem the recipient is treated with immuno suppressants. These medicines keep the immunity of the body low and do not allow easy rejection of the organ. Some medicines have to be taken throughout the life. The recipient needs to be cautious about maintaining personal hygiene and should try to avoid getting in contact with people suffering from various illnesses. This is important as the recipient itself has low body immunity and is therefore more vulnerable to diseases. Donor laws differ for each Country and it is best to ask your doctor/hospital for the rules and regulations of the donor.

Potential Risks

With a major surgery like kidney transplant, one of the major risk is organ rejection. Your doctor can avoid this by finding a donor organ which matches more closely to your samples. Since Kidney transplant includes attaching of several vessels with the organ this can at times lead to thrombosis (condition in which blood vessels develop clots). This can be avoided by using sutures in the best way. Another important risk is poor response by the organ in the body of recipient. In conditions where organ is not responding and is failing slowly doctors might have to do another transplant.