How Much Does Pacemaker Surgery Cost?

“Pacemaker Implantation cost in India starts from USD 4,500. This cost can be less or more depending upon the hospital, experience of doctors, quality and type of pacemaker used and many more parameters.

Heart Valve Replacement Surgery Cost
  • The electrical system in the heart signals to the chambers when it is their turn to contract. The electrical system of the heart can get damaged, causing the chambers to contract improperly or insufficiently to supply adequate blood to the entire body. Electrical impulses are thus used by pacemakers to fix this form of dysfunction.
  • Medical practitioners may choose to perform an implantation operation or prescribe drugs to treat abnormal heartbeats or arrhythmias. In certain situations, pacemakers or ICDs are implanted just below the chest.
  • These devices regulate and maintain the heart’s rhythm using electrical sensors and shocks, thereby promoting normal cardiac function.
  • To address an irregular heartbeat, the doctor might suggest a pacemaker implant. If other treatment choices with lower risk of consequences have failed to address your condition, the doctor may only consider implanting a pacemaker for patients.
  • Within a pacemaker, there are two parts:
  • A pulse generator detects an irregular heartbeat and sends an electrical impulse to restore the rhythm.
  • The heart is directly attached to electrical wires.

Which conditions are treated by pacemakers?

A pacemaker can be used to treat a variety of conditions, including but not restricted to:

  • Congenital (present at birth) heart disorders, meaning they are present at birth
  • Heart block is a blockage in your heart’s electrical pathway
  • Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body
  • Heart transplant
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a complex heart disease characterized by thickened heart muscle and ventricular stiffness
  • Irregular heart or skipped heartbeats/ cardiac arrhythmias that occur.
  • Syncope, unexplained fainting.
  • Past heart attack history.
  • Patients with any heart illness.
  • Aging-related heart damage or heart muscle issues.
  • Bradycardia atrial fibrillation.

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Diagnosis for Pacemaker

To determine the source of the irregular heartbeat, one will undergo a number of tests before the doctor decides if one needs a pacemaker. These might consist of:

ECG: The electrodes used in this non-invasive test are put on your chest and occasionally your limbs to assess the electrical impulses coming from your heart.

Holter monitoring: This is a portable ECG machine. It is particularly helpful in identifying rhythm irregularities that happen at erratic times. For a day or two, as one goes about everyday activities, the monitor gathers data regarding the electrical activity of the heart. Smartwatches and other personal electronics provide electrocardiogram monitoring. If this is an option for some, ask the doctor.

Echocardiogram: This non-invasive test makes use of safe sound waves to let the doctor observe the heart’s activity. A transducer is positioned on the chest, which is a tiny device, that sends the recorded sound waves (echoes) from your heart to a device, which then creates images of the beating heart on a monitor using the sound wave patterns.

The stress tests: Some heart issues only manifest during physical activity. An ECG is performed prior to and immediately following a treadmill or stationary bike test. An echocardiography or nuclear imaging may be performed in various circumstances.

What are the signs you need a pacemaker?

Some of the symptoms one should report to the doctor include:

  • Angina is often known as chest pain.
  • An unusually quick heartbeat (more than 100 beats per minute) is known as tachycardia.
  • A heartbeat that is unusually slow—less than 60 beats per minute—is known as bradycardia.
  • Arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat: a heartbeat that is irregular or has extra beats added.
  • Heart palpitations: This condition occurs when a heartbeat is felt in an uncomfortable way (one may experience a “flip-flopping” or pounding sensation in your chest).
  • Breathlessness, especially with being more active.
  • Dizziness, light-headedness, nausea, or fainting that is not explained.
  • Unknown perplexity.
  • Swelling of the ankles, legs, and abdomen swelling.
  • Having frequent nighttime urination needs.

Types of Pacemakers

A particular pacemaker with one to three wires (referred to as leads) may be utilized, depending on the type of cardiac condition. Pacemaker types include:

Leadless pacemaker: A compact pacemaker that is placed using a catheter. It is about the size of a huge pill. There is no need for wires because this device is hooked to the interior wall of your heart.

Single-chamber pacemaker: A single wire is linked to just one of the heart’s chambers when one uses a single-chamber pacemaker.

Dual-chamber pacemaker: Two wires are linked to each of the heart’s two chambers via a dual-chamber pacemaker.

Biventricular pacemaker: Three wires are used by a biventricular pacemaker, two of which link to the lower chambers of the heart (known as the ventricles), and a third to the right upper chamber (known as the right atrium). This is also referred to as CRT or cardiac resynchronization therapy.

  • An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), a comparable device, can be suggested by the doctor. These are often used with associated heart problems including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation even though they aren’t pacemakers.

ICD Vs pacemaker

A pacemaker controls the rhythm of your heart by sending electrical impulses, but it cannot shock an arrhythmia.

The majority of modern implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) can detect hazardous heart rhythms in addition to performing the same functions as pacemakers. When these are identified, the ICD can shock the heart back into its regular rhythm.

Types of Approaches

Depending on the type of pacemaker utilized, patients will go through a catheter-based, vein-based, or surgical procedure.

Due to improvements in surgical understanding, these techniques have been honed. The goal is to help one feel less pain, recover faster, and get back to life sooner.

  • Catheter-based approach: Leadless pacemakers, which exclusively address issues affecting a single chamber of the heart, are used with this technique.
  • Transvenous (through a vein) approach: This method is commonly employed in adults. A small incision is made by a specialist to access a vein close to the heart during this treatment.
  • Surgical-based (epicardial) approach: The pacemaker is implanted into a “pocket” under the skin of the abdomen using a surgically based (epicardial) technique.

Catheter-based procedures take an hour or less to complete. The transvenous and surgical methods take two to five hours each. The doctor will explain which option is best for the patient.

Cost of Pacemaker Implantation in India

Because there is no single type of pacemaker or hospital that implants them, this price range excludes a heart-assist pacemaker and just includes the pacemaker and the hospital stay.

Compared to other countries, developing nations like India significantly lowered prices without compromising the quality of the treatment. Compared to the best institutions in the US and the UK, pacemaker surgery in India can cost as much as 70% less.

Pacemaker Implantation cost in India starts from USD 4500. This cost can be less or more depending upon the hospital, experience of doctors, quality and type of pacemaker used and many more parameters.

Factors that impact the cost of Pacemaker Surgery:

The following are a few of the variables that affect how much a pacemaker procedure will cost at an individual level:

  • The cost of pacemaker implantation.
  • The type of pacemaker being utilized, such as a biventricular pacemaker or a dual chamber pacemaker (single or double chamber).
  • The pacemaker’s performance is based on its quality.
  • The length of the hospital stays, the cost of the surgery, and the hospital costs.

Factors to determine the overall cost of a pacemaker surgery:

  • Pre-operative evaluation
  • Surgical procedure
  • Pacemaker device
  • Hospitalization charges
  • Medications
  • Follow-up care

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Procedure

Before the Implantation

The process will be explained to you by the doctor, and will have the chance to ask any questions:

  • An authorization document for the Procedure is taken.
  • Sensitivity or allergies are reported, like an allergy to them, as well as to iodine, latex, tape, or local or general anesthetics.
  • No consumption of food after midnight.
  • Inform the doctor if pregnancy is suspected.
  • Please let the doctor know if any prescription or over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, or other dietary supplements are used.
  • Let the doctor know if any heart valve problems have been experienced as the patients might need to take an antibiotic.
  • If one has a history of bleeding disorders, is currently on aspirin or any other blood clotting-related medications, or has any other medical conditions, let the doctor know.
  • One might have to stop taking some of these drugs before your procedure.
  • The doctor can call for further special preparation depending on one’s well-being.

During the Implantation

Pacemaker implantation procedures are carried out by electrophysiologists or cardiologists with specialized training. A general or local anesthetic might be used during the implant operation. The implantation requires fluoroscopy imaging guidance. The length of the surgery is determined by the type of implant used.

  • The surgeon will make a small incision at the place of insertion once the anesthesia has taken effect.
  • Usually under the collarbone, a sheath or introducer is introduced into a blood vessel. The pacer lead wire will be placed into the blood vessel and advanced into the heart through the sheath, which is a plastic tube.
  • You must maintain complete stillness throughout the process in order to keep the catheter in place and avoid damaging the insertion site.
  • The introducer will be used to put the lead wire into the blood vessel. The physician will insert the lead wire into the blood vessel through the heart.
  • One must maintain complete stillness throughout the process in order to keep the catheter in place and avoid damaging the insertion site.
  • The introducer will be used to put the lead wire into the blood vessel. The physician will insert the lead wire into the heart through the blood vessel.
  • The lead wire will be tested to ensure that it is in the right place and is functional once it has entered the heart.
  • Depending on the kind of device the doctor has selected for your disease, one, two, or three lead wires may be implanted.
  • Fluoroscopy (a type of X-ray that is displayed on a TV monitor) may be utilized to assist in evaluating the position of the leads.
  • After the lead wire is connected to the pacemaker generator, the generator will be slid beneath the skin through the incision (just below the collarbone). The generator will often be situated on the side opposite the dominant one.
  • To verify that the pacemaker is operating properly, the ECG will be monitored.
  • With sutures, adhesive strips, or a specific glue, the skin incision will be stitched closed.

After the Implantation

  • After a pacemaker is implanted, one will most likely spend 1-2 nights in the hospital. The pacemaker will be set up according to one’s pacing requirements.
  • The majority of pacemakers may be examined online. The pacemaker communicates with and gets data from the doctor’s office, including the heart rate and rhythm, the pacemaker’s procedure, and how much battery life is left in the device.
  • The doctor might advise not engaging in strenuous activity or heavy lifting for roughly a month. Keep both hands off the place where the pacemaker was inserted.

Benefits of Pacemaker Implantation

  • Pacemakers are designed to enhance the quality of life and shield people from disturbances brought on by heart issues.
  • Relieving many of the symptoms brought on by irregular heartbeats, such as nausea, chest pain, palpitations, confusion, and more.
  • Prevents unpleasant symptoms induced by arrhythmias, such as fainting.
  • Safeguard one’s life by avoiding a heart attack.

Risks of Pacemaker Implantation

In general, the following complications are possible:

  • Allergic reactions.
  • Blood clots.
  • Malfunctions of the pacemaker or its leads.
  • Malfunctions are caused by sources outside of your body (Fortunately, advancements in pacemaker technology mean these situations aren’t common).
  • Unexpected heart rhythm problems.

Recovery

  • You should be able to resume normal physical activity very shortly.
  • After getting a pacemaker, it is typically advised that you refrain from physically demanding activities for three to four weeks as a precaution.
  • One should be able to participate in most activities and sports after this.
  • There can be a rough ridge along the incision. In the months following surgery, this generally becomes softer.
  • The contour of the pacemaker may be visible or feelable to the person beneath the skin. Although one may feel the pacemaker, patients quickly get used to it.

Restrictions After the Pacemaker Implantation

  • Avoid using anything that might disrupt pacemakers.
  • Cellular devices.
  • Electronic cigarettes.
  • Listening devices/ headphones
  • The majority of household equipment, including microwaves, large appliances, electric blankets, and heating pads, are safe as long as they function properly.
  • Metal detectors, such as those used for airport security.

Life Expectancy

  • A pacemaker user’s life expectancy is influenced by a number of variables, including their age at the time of installation and their overall health.
  • People tend to live longer and are more likely to have a normal or nearly normal life expectancy when they have fewer or less serious health issues.
  • The lifespan can range from five to fifteen years, depending on how frequently the pacemaker is producing heartbeats.
  • It all depends on how much one needs to use it.

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