Aplastic Anemia is considered an auto-immune disease and is described as a rare blood disorder in which the bone marrow while producing normal and properly functioning cells, does not produce sufficient blood cells to support the needs of the body. Aplastic Anemia can manifest in moderate to extremely severe forms and can appear at any age irrespective of gender. People suffering from Aplastic Anemia can develop a variety of symptoms including an increased risk of uncontrolled bleeding and infections. Currently, the only cure for Aplastic Anemia is a bone marrow transplant; however, in most cases, it can be managed with proper and regular medical attention.
| Cost of Treatment | India |
|---|---|
| Bone Marrow Transplant | Starting from $22,000 |
| ATG + Cyclosporine Therapy | Starting from $9,500 |
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Your blood is made of various types of cells suspended in a fluid called plasma which is made up primarily of water and contains proteins, nutrients, hormones and other chemicals that are vital to your bodies proper function and health.
Blood cells come in three distinct forms each with its own unique function:
All blood cells are created inside spongy bone marrow that is inside certain bones. The stem cells in the bone marrow can develop into any of the three types of blood cell. Once the cell is mature it leaves the bone marrow and enters the bloodstream. In healthy individuals, the stem cells inside the bone marrow produce sufficient healthy cells. On rare occasions, however, there can be a failure in the bone marrow which leads to certain blood disorders such as Aplastic Anemia.
While all Aplastic Anemia is caused by insufficient red blood cells the symptoms vary greatly depending on the severity of the disease and how low the RBC count is. Symptoms can be further complicated by age and preexisting health conditions.
Some of the most common symptoms of Aplastic Anemia include:
If these symptoms develop without a known cause it is recommended to see your physician for a checkup.
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In rare instances Aplastic Anemia may be inherited however, it is generally considered an acquired illness. It is an autoimmune related disease in that the condition can trigger autoimmune responses in which the body’s immune system stops recognizing its own tissues and organs as part of the body and begins to attack it as if it the tissues and organs were a germ or virus.
Aplastic means empty and refers to the fact that the bone marrow is “empty” of mature red cells that can be released into the bloodstream. As the bone marrow slows in its production of new cells or stops producing them completely then Aplastic Anemia develops. This type of bone marrow failure can be caused by damage to the bone marrow.
Damage to the bone marrow can be caused by:
Aplastic Anemia is diagnosed by microscopic examination of the cells of the bone marrow, collected from the hip bone, and blood. Once the samples are collected a lab will examine the number of all blood cells that are present as well as the ratio between the blood cells. Kidney function may also be tested as poor kidney function and be indicative of Aplastic Anemia. The final diagnosis is typically made by a senior bone marrow specialist and can be moderate, severe or very severe.
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The available treatment options for Aplastic Anemia depends on the stage of the disease (moderate, severe or very severe), the age of the patient and the availability of a donor. In cases of moderate aplastic anemia, the treatment generally consists of drug therapies that control the condition and treat the symptoms. When Aplastic Anemia has reached the severe or very severe stage the treatment is typically dictated by age. In patients under the age of 40, who have a suitable donor available, a bone marrow transplant is the preferred treatment. If a patient is over 40 years old or does not have a suitable donor then drug therapies are recommended. Some of the most common treatment options include:
Saket, New Delhi, India
Saket, New Delhi, India
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