What are the popular plastic and cosmetic surgeries in India?
Some of the most commonly performed plastic and cosmetic procedures include:
Face
Facelift: Also known as Rhytidectomy. It is performed to tighten and rejuvenate the sagging, or drooping skin or wrinkles on the face. The surgeon lifts the facial tissues, removes the excess skin and replaces or reposition the contours to give a smooth and younger appearance. This surgery is commonly combined with other cosmetic procedures such as neck lifts.
Brow/forehead lift: It is performed to restore a youthful appearance of the face above the eyes, forehead region. In this, the excess sagging, skin on the forehead is removed and the underlying muscles and tissues are repositioned. A brow lift can be used to diminish the effects of a heavy, sagging brow, reduce deep furrows, and provide a smooth, youthful contour to the upper part of the face.
Eyelid lift: This surgery aims to restore a natural and youthful appearance to the eyes and reverse the effects of aging. An eyelid lift or Blepharoplasty can be done to remove the sagging skin, smoothen the wrinkles and reduce puffiness on the upper and lower eyelids.
Ear pinning and Ear reshaping: Otoplasty or ear surgery can be done to treat certain congenital abnormalities in the ear shape
Rhinoplasty: Popularly referred to as Nose job. This surgery can be used to repair or reshape the nose to correct a breathing problem or birth defects or it can be opted to improve the aesthetic appearance. The surgery may involve reshaping the tip or reducing the bony hump on the nose to give a more balanced appearance to the face. It can be performed as open or closed rhinoplasty with small incisions well hidden inside the nostrils.
Chin augmentation: This may involve the use of chin implants. Also known as genioplasty, chin enhancement is aimed at improving the contours of the chin and jawline. In this surgery, an implant is placed around the patient’s existing chin bone. This helps in enhancing the size and shape of the chin and also provides more naturally balanced facial features. Chin implant surgery can be a permanent solution to improve a recessed or weak chin.
Lip augmentation: This procedure aims to provide a fuller-looking lip to the patient. While surgical procedures such as lip implants are an option, injections of dermal fillers are most often used to enhance the volume, shape, or structure of the lip. It is not a permanent procedure and the effects last for about 6 months. A second procedure might be required to restore the shape and volume.
Cheek augmentation: This is performed to make the cheekbones appear more prominent. It may involve the placement of a facial implant at the top part of the cheekbones.
Hair transplantation
Hair transplantation surgery, also known as hair restoration, is performed to improve the appearance of baldness. In this procedure, hair from an area of thick growth, usually the back of the scalp, is extracted and transplanted to the bald region. It can be done for the scalp, beard transplant, eyebrow and other body parts.
Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Cleft lip and cleft palate – These two are amongst the most common congenital defects. The Cleft lip and cleft palate are split like openings in the upper lip and the roof of the mouth (palate) respectively. A child can have one or both defects. The cleft in the lip and palate is typically caused by improper or underdevelopment of facial structures in an unborn baby. This results in the lip and palate not closing completely. It may affect the child’s ability to eat, drink and speak properly.
The surgery to repair the cleft lip and cleft palate is performed by a team of doctors including plastic surgeons and ENT specialists. The close the separation to improve the functional and structural appearance.
Craniosynostosis (craniofacial anomaly) – It is a birth defect in which the baby’s skull has a premature fusion of skull suture (flexible material), meaning they join together too early. This problem occurs during the development of a baby’s brain structure. As the brain of the fetus grows, the skull begins to look more structurally abnormal. Surgery is the typical treatment option. The goal of surgery is to reduce the intracranial pressure and correct the deformities of skull bones.